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The Chronicle of Ubort Polessiye the Author - composer А. I. Аtnagulov; the scientific editor V. L. Nosevich. - Minsk.: Technologiya, 2001. - 496 p.: pic.
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| The native of Leltchitsy area, and now living in Minsk Anatoly Atnagulov has been greatly interested in researching of a history of the original, remarkable place of Polessiye, that the materials, assembled by him, has appeared enough to generalize them and to issue by the separate book. The title of the book is "The Chronicle of Ubort Polessiye". It is the collection of archeological, geographical, historical, toponimical, economic, ethnographic and other information since a deep antiquity and finishing our days. |
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"Leltchitsy - the place, known since ХVI, in Mozyr poviet of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania; since 1795 in structure of Russia, the volost center of Mozyr poviet; the urban settlement since July 27, 1938, the center of Gomel area, is on the left coast of the river Ubort (right inflow of Prypiat) southeast of Polessiye", - so the poor lines of the Belorussian Soviet Encyclopedia (1971) inform about the history of that place of Polessiye. Even less items of information are contained in the encyclopedic directory "Belarus" (1995). It is impossible to find a lot of information items in other sources, which would reflect life and customs of the local inhabitants in the past. |
| Although, the known written history of that place begins with the privilege of the Great Prince of Lithuania Vitovt, which in 1412 has transferred completely the Ubort area, which "lays on the river Ubort, with all villages and possessions, notwithstanding their names", to Vilnia biscup Nikalay and to his successors. The 382-year's Vilnia biscups' possession by the manor Ubort was finished only with connection of the Belorussian lands to the Russian empire. By the way, for this period 26 biscups obtained the profit from |
| The revival of the historical memory of the people is promoted by the materials, found by the author in the manor where except the economic items of information are also name-lists of the peasants. The oldest item found in the manor Ubort concerns to 1763. With the help of this information the interested persons (even not the shliakhta origin!) have an opportunity to make a genealogical tree almost up to 10-th knee. |
| The author collected the items of information about the native land from the most various sources. To collect it was not simply because, as someone precisely has noticed, our past was scattered around the world: that got in the history of the neighbours and enriched their history and culture, that like unneeded stock was put on dusted shelves of archives, that irrevocably disappeared in the flame of wars, and that was lost with the help of our own indifference. In general, the sources, from which the items of information for the book were obtained, are very different and informative. Only in the National Historical Archive of Belarus more than 250 cases concerning the history of Ubort Polessiye since 1651 up to 1917 are revealed. They are the lists of the land owners, protocols of visits and church lists, authorized letters, cases concerning disputes on borders and about sale of manors for the debts, inventory of property and land, criminal cases and police official reports, documents about national education and protection of health, statistics, the metric books etc. Unfortunately, the materials, which were revealed during 10-year's research, could not be used, as they are outside Belarus - in archives of Warsaw, Vilnius, St.-Petersburg and Moscow. But we hope that in the future the documents from these storehouses will expand our knowledge about Leltchitsy area. |
| The known ancient documents with the items of information about Ubort Polessiye were written on Latin, majority of the documents of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania time - on then Belorussian ("Russian") and Polish, and of the Russian empire period - in Russian languages. |
| The attempts to study native places were done repeatedly. But all of them were local and has not reached any logical end; they could not revive the historical memory of the people. So, from the beginning of XX the Minsk Church History and Archeology Committee has noted in its circulation to clergy and teachers: " we are the witnesses of our high value native antiquity disappearing: ancient hills are being ploughed, our slavic names of the rivers, bogs, woods, roads and even of settlements are being renamed; the legends are forgotten; remains of ancient culture are lost ". Almost the century has passed from that time, however, this appeal remains urgent and now. |
| The toponimy of Ubort Polessiye, which was mentioned in written sources and then given in the book, totals more than 1000 geographical names of settlements, rivers and lakes etc. Perhaps, the book will push the local land explorers searching. Naturally, it is impossible to explain all the names and the author explained some districts names only. The geography, ethnography, historical and archival data, the local legends, and also influence of Russian and Polish languages were taken into account during the toponimy researching. |
| Atnagulov has stated in a chronological sequence the chronicle of the major facts and events, taken place in the territory of present Leltchitsy area. Many from them are supplemented by a plenty of the archival documents, pictures, photos, illustrations that makes the book even more substantial. Some documents are published for the first time. The edition will interest not only Gomel region history teachers, local land explorers and schoolboys but also everyone, who is interested in the past of Polessiye. |
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